Ucwaningo Lokuqhathanisa Ukusebenza Kokuqina Kwe-Epoxy kwe-CTBN, i-ATTBN kanye ne-HTTPN

Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele

• I-CTBN ithuthukisa kakhulu ukuqina kwe-epoxy, okwandisa amandla omthelela ngaphezu kuka-692%. Lokhu kwenza kube ukukhetha okuphezulu kwezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi.
• Ukusebenzisa inani elifanele le-CTBN, cishe u-20%, kuthuthukisa ukuguquguquka nokuqina ngaphandle kokwehlisa amandla. Ukuhlola amanani ahlukene kungaholela emiphumeleni emihle kakhulu.
• I-CTBN itholakala kabanzi futhi kulula ukuyixuba ne-epoxy, okwenza kube inketho ewusizo kumaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene. I-ATBN noma i-HTTPN yezidingo ezithile, kodwa i-CTBN ngokuvamile iyathandwa.

Ucwaningo Lokuqhathanisa Ukusebenza Kokuqina Kwe-Epoxy kwe-CTBN, i-ATTBN, ne-HTN

Kuyini i-CTBN?

I-CTBN imele i-butadiene acrylonitrile eqediwe yi-carboxyl. Le nto iyirabha ewuketshezi esetshenziswa ososayensi ukwenza ama-epoxy resins aqine. I-CTBN iqukethe amaqembu e-carboxyl ekugcineni kwezintambo zayo. La maqembu ayasiza I-CTBN isabela ngama-epoxy resinsI-CTBN ivame ukuba nesisindo sama-molecule phakathi kuka-2000 no-3000. Abantu bavame ukukhetha i-CTBN ngoba ithuthukisa ukuguquguquka kanye namandla omthelela we-epoxy. Ku-Comparative Study on Epoxy Toughening Performance of CTBN, abacwaningi bathole ukuthi i-CTBN ingakhulisa ukumelana komthelela wama-resin epoxy ngenani elikhulu.

Kuyini i-ATBN?

I-ATBN imele i-butadiene acrylonitrile eqediwe ngama-amino. Le nto iwuhlobo oluthile lwerabha eliwuketshezi. I-ATBN inama-amino group emaphethelweni amaketanga ayo. La maqembu asiza i-ATBN ukuthi isabele ngama-epoxy resins ngendlela ehlukile kune-CTBN. I-ATBN ayinayo isisindo sama-molecule esibekiwe ezifundweni eziningi. Abantu basebenzisa I-ATBN yokuthuthukisa ukuqina kwe-epoxy, kodwa isebenza kahle kakhulu ezimweni ezikhethekile. Ku-Comparative Study on Epoxy Toughening Performance of CTBN, ATBN, kanye ne-HTPN, i-ATTBN ikhombisa imiphumela emihle kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.

Kuyini i-HTTPN?

I-HTPN imele i-hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene nitrile. Le nto nayo iyirabha ewuketshezi. I-HTPN inamaqembu e-hydroxyl ekugcineni kwamaketanga ayo. La maqembu asiza i-HTPN ukubopha nama-epoxy resins. I-HTPN ayivamile kakhulu kune-CTBN ne-ATBN. Abantu basebenzisa i-HTPN uma bedinga izakhiwo ezikhethekile kuma-epoxy resins abo. I-HTPN ingenza i-epoxy iguquguquke futhi ibe nzima, kodwa ayithandwa njenge-CTBN.

Lezi Ziguquli Ziqinisa Kanjani I-Epoxy?

I-CTBN, i-ATBN, kanye I-HTTPN Konke lokhu kusiza ekwenzeni ama-resin epoxy aqine. Lokhu bakwenza ngezindlela ezimbalwa eziyinhloko:

• I-CTBN yakha izibopho zamakhemikhali ne-epoxy. Amaqembu e-carboxyl ku-CTBN asabela namaqembu e-epoxy ukuze enze izixhumanisi eziqinile ze-ester.
• Ngesikhathi sokuqina, i-CTBN iyahlukana ibe yizinhlayiya ezincane zerabha ngaphakathi kwe-epoxy. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi ukuhlukaniswa kwe-micro-phase. Lezi zinhlayiya zisiza ekumunceni amandla lapho i-epoxy ishaywa noma igobeka.
• Ubuso bezinhlayiya zerabha buyasiza i-epoxy inamathela kangcono kwezinye izinto, njengemicu yekhabhoni. Lokhu kudala isibopho esiqinile futhi kusiza i-epoxy ukuthi imelane nokuphuka.
• I-ATBN ne-HTPN zisebenza ngezindlela ezifanayo, kodwa amaqembu azo okugcina (i-amino noma i-hydroxyl) ashintsha indlela ezisabela ngayo nge-epoxy. Lokhu kungathinta izakhiwo zokugcina ze-resin.

Abantu bavame ukusebenzisa amanani ahlukene alawa ma-modifiers ukuze bathole imiphumela emihle kakhulu. Isibonelo:

• Ukwengeza i-CTBN eyengeziwe kungakhuphula izinga lokushisa lapho i-epoxy iphola khona. Kunganciphisa namandla adingekayo ekusabela.
• Uma umuntu engeza i-CTBN eningi kakhulu, i-epoxy ingalahlekelwa amandla athile. Ukuqina okuhle kakhulu kuvame ukwenzeka cishe ku-20% CTBN.
• Ku-20% CTBN, i-epoxy inwebeka kakhulu ngaphambi kokuphuka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingamunca amandla amaningi futhi cishe ayinakuqhekeka.

Icebiso: Inani elifanele lokushintsha lincike emsebenzini. Okuncane kakhulu kungase kungayiqinisi ngokwanele i-epoxy. Okuningi kakhulu kungenza i-epoxy ibe buthaka.

Ucwaningo Lokuqhathanisa Ukusebenza Kokuqina Kwe-Epoxy kwe-CTN lubonisa ukuthi i-CTN inikeza ibhalansi engcono kakhulu yokuqina namandla okusetshenziswa okuningi. I-ATBN kanye ne-HTTPN ingasebenza kahle ngezidingo ezikhethekile, kodwa i-CTBN iyona evame kakhulu ukukhetha.

Indlela i-CTBN, i-ATTBN, ne-HTPN Esebenza Ngayo Kuma-Epoxy Resins

Indlela Yokuqinisa ye-CTBN

I-CTBN ishintsha indlela ama-resin e-epoxy aziphatha ngayo. Ososayensi banezela i-CTBN ku-epoxy, futhi yakha izinhlayiya ezincane zerabha ngaphakathi kwe-resin. Lezi zinhlayiya zisiza i-epoxy ukuthi imunce amandla lapho ishaywa noma igobeka. Amaqembu e-carboxyl emaphethelweni amaketanga e-CTBN asabela ne-epoxy, enza izibopho eziqinile. Lokhu kusabela kudala inethiwekhi ebamba izinhlayiya zerabha endaweni yayo. Umphumela uba yi-epoxy egoba kakhulu ngaphambi kokuphuka. Abacwaningi abaningi ku-Comparative Study on Ukusebenza Kokuqina Kwe-Epoxy kwe-CTBN bathole ukuthi i-CTBN inikeza inhlanganisela engcono kakhulu yokuqina namandla.

Qaphela: I-CTBN isebenza kahle ngoba isakazeka ngokulinganayo ku-epoxy futhi yakha izixhumanisi eziqinile.

Indlela Yokuqinisa ye-ATBN

I-ATBN isebenzisa amaqembu ama-amino ukuze isabela kuma-resin e-epoxy. La maqembu asiza i-ATBN ukuthi ihlangane ne-epoxy ngesikhathi sokuqina. I-ATBN iphinde yakhe izinhlayiya zerabha, kodwa indlela ehlangana ngayo ihlukile kune-CTBN. Amaqembu ama-amino angenza ikhambi le-epoxy lisheshe. I-ATBN ithuthukisa ukuqina, kodwa isebenza kahle ezimweni ezikhethekile. Abanye abasebenzisi bakhetha i-ATBN uma bedinga ikhambi elisheshayo noma ikhambi elikhethekile.

• I-ATBN ingenza i-epoxy iguquguquke kakhudlwana.
• Kungase kungabi namandla okushaya njenge-CTBN.

Indlela Yokuqinisa ye-HTTPN

I-HTPN isebenzisa amaqembu e-hydroxyl ukuze ihlangane ne-epoxy. La maqembu asiza i-HTPN ukuthi ixubane kahle ne-resin. I-HTN yakha izinhlayiya zerabha, njenge-CTN ne-ATBN. Amaqembu e-hydroxyl angenza i-epoxy iguquguquke kakhudlwana. I-HTPN ayivamile kangako, kodwa iyasiza lapho abasebenzisi bedinga izakhiwo ezikhethekile. I-HTPN ingathuthukisa ukuqina, kodwa ingase ingasebenzi kahle njenge-CTBN yokusetshenziswa okuvamile.

Ucwaningo Lokuqhathanisa Ukusebenza Kokuqina Kwe-Epoxy kwe-CTBN: Umehluko Wemishini Nokusebenza

Ukuqhathaniswa Kwezakhiwo Zemishini

I-CTBN, i-ATTBN, kanye ne-HTPN ngayinye ishintsha izakhiwo zemishini zama-resin epoxy ngezindlela ezahlukene. I-CTBN ivelele ngekhono layo lokukhulisa ukuqina kanye nokuguquguquka. Uma i-CTBN ingeziwe, i-epoxy ingamunca amandla amaningi ngaphambi kokuphuka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinto azikwazi ukuqhekeka ngaphansi kokucindezeleka. I-ATBN iphinde ithuthukise ukuqina, kodwa ayikhulisi amandla okushaya njenge-CTBN. I-HTPN isiza ukwenza i-epoxy iguquguquke kakhulu, kodwa ayifani nokuqina okunikezwa yi-CTBN.

Abacwaningi ocwaningweni lokuqhathanisa nge-Epoxy Toughening Performance ye-CTBN bathole ukuthi ama-epoxy resins aguquliwe yi-CTBN abonisa ukwanda okukhulu kwamandla okushaya. Izinhlayiya zerabha ezakhiwe yi-CTBN zisiza ukugoba kwe-epoxy esikhundleni sokuphuka. I-ATTBN ne-HTTPN zisebenza kahle ngezidingo ezikhethekile, kodwa i-CTBN inikeza ibhalansi engcono kakhulu yokusetshenziswa okuningi.

Ukuhambisana ne-Epoxy

Indlela i-modifier ngayinye exubana ngayo ne-epoxy ibalulekile. Ukuhambisana okuhle kusho ukuthi i-modifier isakazeka ngokulinganayo futhi yakhe isibopho esiqinile ne-resin.

• I-CTBN inyusa izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu (Tp) ekubunjweni kwe-epoxy resin.
• I-CTBN inciphisa i-enthalpy yokusabela iyonke (ΔH), okusho ukuthi ukusabela kusebenzisa amandla amancane.
• Izinhlelo eziguquliwe ze-CTBN zibonisa i-Tp ephezulu (isibonelo, i-C25: i-Tp = 167.4 °C) kanye ne-ΔH ephansi (isibonelo, i-ΔH = 264.6 J g−1) uma kuqhathaniswa ne-epoxy ecocekile.
• Ukwengeza i-CTBN kuholela ekwandeni okukhulu kwe-viscosity, okuthinta ukuthi kulula kangakanani ukucubungula i-epoxy.
• Isikhathi sejeli se-epoxy eguquliwe ye-CTBN side (cishe imizuzu eyi-18) kunese-epoxy ecocekile.
• Ukuba khona kwe-h-BN akushintshi isikhathi sejeli kakhulu, ngakho-ke i-CTBN isenganikeza ukusebenza okulinganiselayo.

I-CTBN isebenza kahle nezinhlobo eziningi zama-resin epoxy. Lokhu kwenza kube ukukhetha okuthandwayo ku-Comparative Study on Epoxy Toughening Performance of CTBN. I-ATBN kanye ne-HTN nazo zingaxubana ne-epoxy, kodwa imiphumela yazo ekuqineni nasekugcineni kwezakhiwo ihlukile.

Ukucubungula Nokuphatha

Ukucubungula nokuphatha kubalulekile kunoma ubani osebenzisa lezi ziguquli. I-CTBN ishintsha indlela i-epoxy eziphatha ngayo ngesikhathi sokuxuba nokulungisa.

Indlela yokuqinisa ye-CTBN ihilela ukusabela ngesikhathi sokwenziwa kwe-pre-polymer, lapho i-CTBN isabela khona ne-epoxy ukuze yakhe i-block copolymer. Le nqubo ithuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini ze-composite ngokudala isigaba serabha esihlakazekile esithuthukisa ukuqina.

I-CTBN ithinta kakhulu i-viscosity kanye nesikhathi se-gel se-epoxy, kanye nokwanda okuphawulekayo kwe-viscosity njengoba umthwalo we-CTBN ukhuphuka, okwenza kube nzima ukucubungula. Isikhathi se-gel se-epoxy ecocekile sicishe sibe yimizuzu eyi-18, kodwa ukwengeza i-CTBN kwandisa lesi sikhathi ngenxa yokwanda kwe-viscosity kanye noshintsho lwesimo sesigaba.

Abantu abasebenzisa i-CTBN kudingeka bayixube kahle ukuze bathole imiphumela emihle kakhulu. I-viscosity ephezulu ingenza ukuthulula nokusabalalisa kube nzima. Isikhathi eside sejeli sisho ukuthi abasebenzisi banesikhathi esiningi sokusebenza ne-epoxy ngaphambi kokuba iqine. I-ATBN ne-HTN kungenzeka zingashintshi i-viscosity nesikhathi sejeli njenge-CTBN, ngakho-ke kungaba lula ukuzisingatha kwezinye izimo.

Izindleko Nokutholakala

I-CTBN kulula ukuyithola nokuyithenga. Izinkampani eziningi zenza i-CTBN ngoba isebenza kahle nama-resin e-epoxy ahlukene. Lokhu kutholakala kabanzi kwenza i-CTBN ibe ukukhetha okuphezulu kwezimboni. Ukuqina kwe-CTBN ku-epoxy kusho ukuthi imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngayo iziphatha ngendlela efanayo njalo. I-ATBN ne-HTN nazo ziyatholakala, kodwa zingabiza kakhulu noma kube nzima ukuzithola. Abanye abasebenzisi bakhetha i-ATBN noma i-HTN yemisebenzi ekhethekile, kodwa iningi likhetha i-CTBN yokusetshenziswa okuvamile.

Ucwaningo Lokuqhathanisa Ukusebenza Kokuqina Kwe-Epoxy kwe-CTN lubonisa ukuthi i-CTN iyisiguquli esithandwayo ngezizathu eziningi. Inikeza izakhiwo eziqinile zemishini, ukuhambisana okuhle, kanye nokufinyelela okulula kubathengi.

Kungani i-CTBN ivame ukuba yi-Modifier ekhethwayo

Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko ze-CTBN

I-CTBN ivelele njengokukhetha okuphezulu kokuqinisa ama-epoxy resins. Abacwaningi abaningi kanye nochwepheshe bemboni bakhetha i-CTBN ngoba inikeza izinzuzo eziningana ezibalulekile:

• I-CTBN ixubana kahle nama-resin epoxy angakavuthwa. Lesi sici senza kube lula ukwengeza i-CTBN ku-epoxy ngaphambi kokulungisa.
• Ngesikhathi senqubo yokulungisa, i-CTBN iyahlukana ibe yizinhlayiya ezincane, eziyindilinga. Lezi zinhlayiya zisiza i-epoxy ukuthi imunce amandla futhi imelane nokuqhekeka.
• I-CTBN isebenza njenge-plasticizer. Yehlisa izinga lokushisa lokuguqulwa kwengilazi (Tg) ye-epoxy. Lolu shintsho lwenza i-epoxy iguquguquke kakhudlwana futhi ithuthukise ukumelana kwayo nokushayisana.

I-CTBN isiza ekudaleni izinto ze-epoxy eziqinile futhi eziguquguqukayo. Lezi zimfanelo zenza i-CTBN ibe ukukhetha okuthandwayo kwezicelo eziningi, kusukela ekwakheni kuya kuma-elekthronikhi.

Ukulinganiselwa kwe-CTBN

I-CTBN nayo inezinkinga ezithile abasebenzisi okufanele bazicabangele. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-CTBN ingabangela izinselele ezinkulu ze-viscosity. Uma i-CTBN ingezwa, ingxube iba nkulu kakhulu. Lokhu kwanda kwe-viscosity kungenza kube nzima ukuxuba kwezinye izithasiselo. I-CTBN iholela nasekuthatheni isikhathi eside kwejeli ngesikhathi senqubo yokucwilisa. Isikhathi eside sejeli sisho ukuthi i-epoxy ithatha isikhathi esiningi ukuqina, okungenza ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwehle kancane. Lezi zici zingakhawulela ukuthi ama-epoxies aguquliwe yi-CTBN asetshenziswa kanjani futhi kuphi. Abasebenzisi kumele balinganise izinzuzo zokuqina nokuguquguquka nezinselele zokucubungula.

Ukukhetha Isiguquli Esifanele Sesicelo Sakho

Ukukhetha Okuhle Kakhulu Kokusetshenziswa Okuvamile

I-CTBN isebenza kahle ezidingweni eziningi zokuqinisa i-epoxy. Onjiniyela nososayensi abaningi bakhetha i-CTBN ngoba ithuthukisa amandla kanye nokuguquguquka. I-CTBN isabela ne-epoxy ukuze yakhe i-block copolymer. Lokhu kusabela kudala izibopho eziqinile esibonakalayo, okusiza ukuthi izinto zimelane nokuphuka. Uma i-CTBN isetshenziswa ezingeni elifanele, njenge-25%, i-epoxy ingabonisa ukwanda okungu-33% ngamandla okusika okuthambile kanye nokwenyuka okungu-528% kwamandla okushaya. I-CTBN iyasiza futhi ezintweni ezihlanganisiwe ezine-carbon fiber ngokusebenza ngezikali ezahlukene ukuze izinto ziqine. Lezi zici zenza i-CTBN ibe ukukhetha okuthembekile kumaphrojekthi amaningi.

Isikhathi Sokucabangela I-ATBN noma i-HTTPN

Amanye amaphrojekthi adinga izakhiwo ezikhethekile. I-ATTBN ingasiza uma ukwelashwa kushesha kubalulekile noma lapho umsebenzisi efuna ukuguquguquka okwengeziwe. I-HTN isebenza kahle uma umgomo uwukwandisa ukuguquguquka ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa amandla amaningi. Kokubili i-ATTBN ne-HTN kungaba usizo ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezihlukile, njengezinto zikagesi noma izembozo ezidinga ukuthamba okwengeziwe. Abasebenzisi kufanele babheke izidingo zomkhiqizo wokugcina ngaphambi kokukhetha lezi ziguquli.

Amathiphu Okukhetha I-Toughening Agent

Ukukhetha i-modifier efanele kudinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela. Abantu abaningi benza amaphutha ngokukhetha ngokusekelwe kumagama adumile noma ngokusebenzisa i-modifier eningi kakhulu. Abanye bayakhohlwa ukuhlola ukuthi i-modifier ixubana futhi isakazeka kanjani ku-epoxy. Nanka amanye amathiphu:

• Hlola ukuthi i-modifier ithinta kanjani ukucubungula, njengokuxuba nokulungisa.
• Hlola amanani ahlukene ukuze uthole ibhalansi engcono kakhulu yokuqina nokuqina.
• Bheka ukuthi i-modifier isakazeka kahle kangakanani ku-epoxy.
• Ungalindeli ukuthi umguquli oyedwa uzoxazulula yonke inkinga.
• Njalo fanisa isilungisi nezidingo zephrojekthi.

Icebiso: Ukuhlola nokuhlola ngokucophelela kuholela emiphumeleni engcono kanye nokumangala okuncane.

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I-CTBN inikeza ama-resin epoxy ukuqina okuqinile kanye nokucutshungulwa okulula. Iningi labasebenzisi likhetha i-CTBN kumaphrojekthi ajwayelekile. I-ATBN ne-HTN zisebenza kangcono ngezidingo ezikhethekile. Abasebenzisi kufanele bahlole njalo izidingo zephrojekthi yabo zokuqina, ukuphathwa, kanye nezindleko ngaphambi kokukhetha i-modifier.

Icebiso: Ukukhetha okufanele kuholela emiphumeleni engcono.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

I-CTBN imele ukuthini?

I-CTBN isho i-butadiene acrylonitrile eqedwe yi-carboxyl. Ososayensi bayayisebenzisa ukwenza ama-epoxy resins aqine futhi aguquguquke kakhudlwana.

Ingabe i-CTBN ingaxutshwa nanoma iyiphi i-epoxy resin?

Ama-resin amaningi e-epoxy asebenza kahle ne-CTBN. Abasebenzisi kufanele bahlole njalo inqwaba encane kuqala ukuze bahlole ukuxuba nokusebenza okuhle.

Ingabe i-CTBN iyawushintsha umbala we-epoxy?

I-CTBN ngokuvamile ayishintshi umbala kakhulu. Amanye ama-resin angase abukeke efu kancane ngemva kokufaka i-CTBN, kodwa umphumela mncane.