Ko ngā tote ammonia quaternary (QAS) he matū cationic kei roto ngā rōpū alkyl i roto i te mekameka C8–C18, he wairewa ki te wai, ā, ka taea te whakamahi hei patu huakita i roto i ngā ahumahi kakahu.
Ko ngā QAS he pūhui ionic kei roto he hauota ammonium quaternary, e whā ngā rōpū alkyl, aryl rānei e hono ana ki tēnei hauota, me te ion anionic pērā i te chloride, te bromide rānei. I roto i ngā rōpū alkyl e whā, ko tētahi he rōpū mekameka alkyl roa kei roto neke atu i te waru ngā warowaihā, ā, he rōpū hydrophobic hoki. Ko ngā rōpū hydrophobic i runga i te QAS ka pā ki ā rātou mahi patu huakita (Tiller et al., 2001; Zhao and Sun, 2007). Ki te kaha ake te hydrophobicity, ka kaha ake ngā mahi patu huakita a te QAS (Zhao and Sun, 2008) (Pikitia 16.1 me te Ripanga 16.1). He maha ngā pūhui QAS he mahi surfactant. He pai ngā QAS hei biocides ina whakamahia i roto i ngā otinga wai me te patu huakita wai. Ina honoa ngā QAS ki ngā mata muka mā te matū, ka taea te aukati i ā rātou mahi i runga i te āhua o te hononga me ngā hanganga whakamutunga o te QAS i runga i ngā mata. Ka taea e ngā QAS kua whakauruhia ki roto i ngā muka te whakarato i ngā mahi patu huakita mā te tuku mārire i a rātou mai i ngā mata muka i te wā e whakamahia ana, ka taea ai te whakarato i ngā mahi e hiahiatia ana o ngā rauemi.
Mā te kukū ka whakaitihia te maha o ngā huakita ki te 6-log i te wā whakapā
| QAS | 1 meneti (E. coli) (ppm) | 5 meneti (E. coli) (ppm) | 1 meneti (S.whero) (ppm) | 5 meneti (S. aureus) (ppm) |
| ALPC | 100 | 100 | 100 | 50 |
| AALPC | 100 | 100 | 100 | 50 |
| BADPB | 50 | 50 | 50 | 10 |
| NADPB | 50 | 10 | 50 | 10 |
Wā tuku: Paenga-whāwhā-16-2021